This historic book may have numerous typos, missing text, images, or index. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. 1909. Not illustrated. Excerpt: ... APPENDIX CLASSIFICATION OF THE VERTEBRATA. The following list of the larger subdivisions of the Vertebrata, arranged in syptical form, may be of use in explaining the names of groups as used in the body of the work. Through the labors of palaeontologists so many forms have been unearthed and so many new groups established that it seems best to include in the list these latter as well as modern animals, especially since many of the extinct groups consist of generalized forms from which several living groups have differentiated. The names of all groups, of whatever rank, that contain living representatives are printed in bold-faced type; those groups in which these latter are represented by but one or two isolated forms are farther designated with an asterisk. In this way the amount of damage wrought in the phylogenetic record, as well as the relative position of the groups, may be seen at a glance. The sypsis follows: -- VERTEBRATA (or Chordata). Division I. Cyclostomata.* Class I. Marsipobranchii.* Sub-Class I. Cyclostomi.* Order i. Myxiidea* (Myxine, the hag-fish). Order 2. Petromyzontoidea * (Petromyzon, the lamprey eel). Sub-Class II. Ostracodermi. Order i. Heterostraci (Pteraspis). Order 2. Osteostraci (Cephalaspis). Order 3. Antiarchi (Pterichthys). Division II. Gnathostomata. Super-Class I. Ichthyoidea. Class I. Pisces. Sub-Class I. Elasmobranchii. Order i. Pleuropterygii (Cladoselachc). Order 2. Ichthyotomi (Pleuraeanthus). Order 3. Acanthodii (Acanthodes, Diplacanthus). Order 4. Selachii. Sub-Order 1. Squali (sharks, dog-fish). Sub-Order 2. Raiae (skates). Sub-Class II. Holocephali.* Order 1. Chimaeroidei * (Chimara). Sub-Class III. Dipi.* Order 1. Sireidei * (Protopterus, Ceratodus). Order 2. Arthrodira (Coccosteus, Dinichthys). Sub-Cl..