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Huge X-Ray XRay Training Course Complete Collection

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Training Skills Direct



Training Skills Direct
X-Ray and Radiology Collection

Anatomy for X-Ray Specialists
Fluoroscopy
Principles of Radiographic Exposure
Radiology Quality Assurance
X-Ray Film Processing
X-Ray Physics
X-Ray Standard Positioning
X-Ray and Radiology Collection

X-Ray and Radiology Collection Bundle CD-ROM brought to you by Training Skills Direct.

  • 7 Training Course Collection
  • 1440 Pages
  • 8 Training Manuals
  • 40 Complete Lessons

Complete Installation Package

Either run this training course bundle from the CD-ROM or install directly onto your computer with full access from your Windows Start menu. The training courses are provided in PDF format and they are fully indexed for easy navigation.


*Box image used for illustration purposes only. You will receive a CD-ROM in a protective sleeve and mailer. This listing is for a CD-ROM. You will not receive a hard copy book.

*Available for Windows only. Not compatible with Mac OS X.




Anatomy for X-Ray Specialists Training Course


    

Training Manual - Anatomy for X-Ray Specialists (169 Pages)



Lesson 1 - Introduction to Human Anatomy

Section I. Orientation
Introduction
Medical Terminology

Section II. Cells
Cell Structure
Cell Division
Tissue

Section III. Bones
Bones of the Skeleton
Bone Structure
Classification of Bones
Bone Formation and Growth
Descriptive Terminology
Cartilage
Joints

Section IV. Common Fractures
General Classifications
Specific Classifications
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 2 - Regional Osteology

Section I. Upper Extremity
The Hand
The Forearm
The Arm
The Shoulder Girdle
Articulations of the Hand
Articulations of the Upper Free Extremity
Articulations of the Hand
Palpation Points of the Upper Extremity

Section II. Lower Extremity
The Foot
The Leg
The Thigh
The Pelvic Girdle or Pelvis
Articulations of the Lower Extremity
Palpation Points of the Pelvis and Lower Extremity

Section III. The Vertebral Column
Functions of the Vertebral Column
Vertebral Structure
Differentiating Characteristics of Typical Vertebrae by Regions
Atypical Vertebrae
Vertebral Landmarks

Section IV. The Thorax
The Sternum
The Ribs
Landmarks of the Trunk

Section V. The Skull
Individual Cranial Bones
Individual Facial Bo
Hyoid
The Temporomandibular Joint
Aspects of the Skull
Interior of the Cranial Cavity
The Nasal Cavity
Landmarks and Palpitation Points of the Skull
Individual Cranial Bones
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 3 - Body Systems Other Than Skeletal

Section I. The Digestive System
The Mouth
The Tongue
The Salivary Glands
The Teeth
The Pharynx
The Esophagus
The Stomach
The Small Intestine
The Large Intestine
The Accessory Organs of Digestion
Functions of the Accessory Organs of Digestion and the Small Intestine

Section II. The Urogenital System
The Kidneys
The Ureters
The Urinary Bladder
The Urethra
The Male Reproductive System
The Female Reproductive System

Section III. The Respiratory System
The Nose and Paranasal Sinuses
The Pharynx
The Larynx
The Trachea
The Bronchi
The Lungs
The Pleura and the Pleural Cavity
Mechanics of Respiration

Section IV. The Nervous System
The Nervous System
The Autonomic (visceral Efferent) Nervous System
Central Nervous System
The Brain
The Spinal Cord

Section V. The Circulatory System
The Lymphatic System
The Spleen
Blood
The Cardiovascular System
The Heart
The Blood Vessels
Systemic Circulation
Pulmonary Circulation
Pathological Conditions

Section VI. The Endocrine System
Thyroid Gland
Parathyroid Gland
Adrenal Glands
Pituitary Gland
Gonads
Pancreas
Intestinal Glands
Pineal Gland
Thymus

Section VII. The Special Senses
The Eye
The Ear
Exercises
Solutions





Fluoroscopy Training Course

    

Training Manual - Fluoroscopy (224 Pages)


Lesson 1 - Special Considerations in Radiography and Fluoroscopy

Section I. Fluoroscopy
Apparatus
Patient, Focal Spot and Shutter Relationships
Technical Factors
Examination Technique
Protection
Spot-Film Radiography
Serialograph
Serial Film Changers
Automatic Contrast Medium Injector
Use of Television (TV)
Videotape Recording

Section II. Special Techniques and Equipment
Image Intensification
Principles of Image Intensification
Basic Operational Consideration
Duties and Responsibilities of the X-Ray Specialist
Density Equalization Filters
Composition and Construction
Where Density Equalization Filters May Be Introduced
Basic Principles

Section III. Contrast Media
Alimentary Tract Radiopaques
Water-soluble Radiopaques
Viscous and/or Oily Radiopaques
Radiolucent Media
Reactions to Contrast Media
Emergency Treatment of Reactions
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 2 - Digestive and Urogenital Systems

Section I. The Digestive System
The Esophagus
The Stomach and Duodenum (Upper GI Series)
Small Intestine (Small Bowel Series)
Large Intestine (Double Contrast) Barium Enema
Large Intestine (Single Contrast) Barium Enema
Gallbladder
Cholecystography
Cholangiography

Section II. The Urogenital System
Intravenous Pyelography
Retrograde Pyelography
Cystography and Pneumocystography
Nephrography
Nephrotomography
Urethrography
Hysterosalpingography (Uterosalpingography)

Section III. The Decubitus Positions
Essentials of the Positions
Description
Clinical Use
Considerations
Technique
Identification
Clinical Applications
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 3 - Respiratory, Cardiovascular and Nervous Systems

Section I. The Respiratory System
Alternative Modalities or Procedures

Section II. The Vascular System
The X-Ray Specialist's Role
Patient Preparation
Solutions
Materials and Apparatus
Special Angiographic Equipment
Radiographic Equipment
Position of Patient
Site of Injection
Method of Injection
Rate of Injection
Use of a Tourniquet
Projections
Size of Film
The CR
Radiographic Exposure Factors
Angiographic Examination of the Upper Extremities
Angiographic Examination of the Lower Extremities
Angiocardiography
Cardiac Catheterization
Abdominal Angiography
Cerebral Arteriography
Cerebral Venography and Sinus Venography
Intra-Osseous Venography
Lymphangiography

Section III. The Central Nervous System
Ventriculography
Myelography
Diskography
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 4 - Special Radiographic Procedures

Section I. Mammography
Anatomy and Physiology of the Breast
Focal-spot Size
Anode Storage Capacity
Filtration
Beam-restricting Devices
Films
Technical Factors
Patient Positioning
General Conditions

Section II. Pediatric Radiography
Handling of Infants and Small Children
Physical Factors
Radiographic Procedure

Section III. Tomography
Tomographic Systems
Principles of Tomography
Factors of Section Thickness
Milliampere Seconds
Exposure Time, Amplitude and Rate of Tube Travel
General Principles

Section IV. Orthoradiography for Skeletal Surveys
Methods

Section V. The Skeletal System
Definition
Purpose
Clinical Procedure
Arthritic Survey
Metastatic Survey
Long Bone Series
Bone Age
Scanography
Spot Scanography
Principles of Scanography
Procedures
Scoliosis

Section VI. Radiographic Demonstration of Fluid Levels
Principles
Clinical Procedure

Section VII. Soft Tissue Radiology
Uses
Technical Factors and Procedure

Section VIII. Portable Radiography
Portable X-Ray Machines
Radiation Protection
Film Holders and Grids
Bedside Radiography
Surgical Radiography
Exercises
Solutions





Principles of Radiographic Exposure Training Course

    

Training Manual - Principles of Radiographic Exposure (98 Pages)


Lesson 1 - Principles of Radiographic Exposure I

Section I. Introduction
The X-Ray Beam
X-Ray Exposure Terms

Section II. The Silver Image
Image Characteristics
Radiographic Density
Radiographic Contrast
Short-Scale Versus Long-Scale Contrast
X-Ray Penetration
Factor of X-Ray Wavelength
Absorption By Body Parts
Absorption Variables
Radiographic Exposure
Value of Constants

Section III. The Effect of Source-to-Image Distance on Density
Source-to-Image Distance
Application of Inverse Square Law
Arithmetical Relation of mAs and SID

Section IV. Function of Kilovoltage
Greater Exposure Efficiency by Use of Higher Kilovoltage
Relation of kVp-mAs-SID-Density
Overexposure
Underexposure
Kilovoltage and Contrast
Contrast Without Fog
Kilovoltage and Exposure Latitude
Wide Exposure Latitude
Narrow Exposure Latitude

Section V. Factors Influencing Secondary Radiation Fog
Influence of Tissues
Influence of Kilovoltage

Section VI. Methods of Controlling Fog
Kilovoltage
Effects of Higher Kilovoltages
Effects of Lower Kilovoltages
Grids
Function of Grids
The Stationary Wafer Grid
Necessity For Increasing Exposure
Grid Ratio
Use With Cassettes
The Potter-Bucky Diaphragm
The Focused Bucky
Potter-Bucky Mechanisms
Grid Lines on Film
Modification of the Primary Beam
Cones, Cylinders, Diaphragms, and Collimators
Geometry of Film Coverage
Ratio of Secondary Radiation to Remnant Radiation
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 2 - Principles of Radiographic Exposure II

Section I. Function of Milliampere-Seconds
Rule-of-Thumb for Density Changes
Reciprocity Law
Tables of Milliamper-Second Values
Milliampere and Time Relation
Time-Density Relation
Experiment: Milliampere-Time Density Relation

Section II. Geometry Of Image Formation
Shadows and X-Ray Images
Shadow Formation By Light
Illustration
Image Characteristics
Reduction of Unsharpness
Types of Definition
Geometrical Unsharpness: Influence of Focal Spot
Geometrical Unsharpness: Influence of Object-Filmdistance
Geometrical Unsharpness: Influence of Source-to-Imagedistance
Motion Unsharpness
Immobilization
Screen Unsharpness
Distortion: Introduction
Magnified Distortion
True Distortion
Illustration of True Distortion

Section III. X-Ray Intensifying Screens
Film Exposure Holders
Intensifying Screens
Speed
Screen Contact
Proper Care Of Screens
Fluoroscopic Screen

Section IV. Standardization Of Exposure
Radiographic Quality
Diagnostic Usefulness
Criteria For Radiographic Qua
Contrast Extremes
Contrast And Sharpness
Value of Total Impression
Standardized Exposure System
Optimum Kilovoltage Technique
Advantages
Rules For Application
Selection of Factors
Thickness Only a Guide
Establishing a Basic mAs
Example
Thickness Greater Than Average
Smaller Thicknesses
Overexposure
Example of Correcting Overexposure
Underexposure
Example of Correcting Underexposure
Phototiming
Summary
Exercises
Solutions





Radiology Quality Assurance Training Course

    

Training Manual - Radiology Quality Assurance (203 Pages)


Lesson 1 - Quality Assurance and Quality Control

Benefits of Quality Control and Quality Assurance for Patients and Departments
Elements
Quality Control System
Record Keeping
Test Review
Evaluation
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 2 - Regulations

Title 21, Code of Federal Regulations
Regulations: Technical Bulletin Medical 521
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 3 - Quality Assurance/Quality Control Monitoring and Maintenance

Purpose
Personnel
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 4 - Radiographic Unit Quality Control Tests

Section I. Wisconsin Kilovolt Peak Quality Control Test
Equipment/Material
Procedure
Evaluation and Interpretation
Preventive Maintenance
Corrective Maintenance

Section II. Electronic X-Ray Timing and Milliamperes Test
Equipment/Material
Procedure
Evaluation and Interpretation
Preventive Maintenance
Corrective Maintenance

Section III. Focal Spot Quality Control Test
Equipment/Material
Procedure
Evaluation and Interpretation
Preventive Maintenance
Corrective Maintenance

Section IV. Collimator Quality Control Test
Equipment/Material
Procedure
Evaluation and Interpretation
Preventive Maintenance
Corrective Maintenance

Section V. Automatic Exposure Timer (AET) Quality Control Test
Equipment/Material
Procedure
Reproducibility Test
Evaluation and Interpretation
kVp Compensation Test
Evaluation and Interpretation
Field Sensitivity Matching Test
Evaluation and Interpretation
Density Control Function Test
Evaluation and Interpretation
Response Capability Test
Evaluation and Interpretation
Backup Timer Test
Evaluation and Interpretation
Preventive Maintenance
Corrective Maintenance
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 5 - Fluoroscopic Unit Quality Control Tests

Section I. Minimum Source to Tabletop Distance Test
Equipment/Material
Procedure
Evaluation and Interpretation
Preventive Maintenance
Corrective Maintenance

Section II. Beam Restriction Adequacy Test
Equipment/Material
Procedure
Evaluation and Interpretation
Preventive Maintenance
Corrective Maintenance

Section III. Focusing and Resolution of the Imaging System
Equipment/Material
Procedure
Evaluation and Interpretation
Preventive Maintenance
Corrective Maintenance

Section IV. the Exposure Rate Test
Equipment/Material
Procedure
Evaluation and Interpretation
Preventive Maintenance
Corrective Maintenance
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 6 - Tomographic Units Quality Control Tests

Section I. Cut Level Indicator Test
Equipment/Material
Procedure
Evaluation and Interpretation
Preventive Maintenance
Corrective Maintenance

Section II. Exposure Angle Test
Equipment/Material
Procedure
Evaluation and Interpretation
Preventive Maintenance
Corrective Maintenance

Section III. Uniformity of Tomographic Exposure Test
Equipment/Material
Procedure
Evaluation and Interpretation
Preventive Maintenance
Corrective Maintenance

Section IV. Cut Thickness Test
Equipment/Material
Procedure
Evaluation and Interpretation
Preventive Maintenance
Corrective Maintenance

Section V. Flatness of Plane
Equipment/Material
Procedure
Evaluation and Interpretation
Preventive Maintenance
Corrective Maintenance

Section VI. Resolution Test
Equipment/Material
Procedure
Evaluation and Interpretation
Preventive Maintenance
Corrective Maintenance
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 7 - Processors/Darkrooms Quality Control Tests

Section I. Automatic Processor Accuracy Test
Establishing Norms
Equipment/Material
Procedure
Evaluation and Interpretation

Section II. Automatic Processor Accuracy Test - Daily Maintenance
Equipment
Procedure
Evaluation and Interpretation
Preventive Maintenance
Corrective Maintenance

Section III. Safelight Test
Equipment/Material
Procedure
Evaluation and Interpretation
Preventive Maintenance
Corrective Maintenance

Section IV. Darkroom Assurance Light Leak Test
Equipment
Procedure
Evaluation and Interpretation
Preventive Maintenance
Corrective Maintenance
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 8 - Illuminators Quality Control Tests

Equipment/Material
Procedure
Evaluation and Interpretation
Preventive Maintenance
Corrective Maintenance
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 9 - Cassettes/Intensifying Screens Quality Control Tests

Section I. Film-Screen Combination Quality-Control Test
Equipment/Material
Procedure
Evaluation and Interpretation
Preventive Maintenance
Corrective Maintenance

Section II. Film-Screen Contact Test
Equipment
Procedure
Evaluation and Interpretation
Preventive Maintenance
Corrective Maintenance
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 10 - Grid Alignment Quality Control Test

Equipment/Material
Procedure
Evaluation and Interpretation
Preventive Maintenance
Corrective Maintenance
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 11 - Protective Devices Quality Control Tests

Section I. X-Ray Tube Protective Circuitry Test
Equipment/Material
Procedure
Evaluation and Interpretation
Preventive Maintenance
Corrective Maintenance

Section II. Protective Devices Quality Control Test
Equipment/Material
Fluoroscope Procedure
Overhead Tube Procedure
Evaluation and Interpretation
Preventive Maintenance
Corrective Maintenance
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 12 - Retake Analysis Program

Various Methods of Procedural Selection
Procedure
Evaluation and Interpretation
Follow-up
Exercises
Solutions





X-Ray Film Processing Training Course

    

Training Manual - X-Ray Film Processing (108 Pages)


Lesson 1 - The Chemistry and Handling of X-Ray Film

Section I. Introduction
Scope
General

Section II. Composition of X-Ray Film
Chemical Components of Film
Production of the Latent Image
Dental X-Ray Film
Photofluorographic Film
Film Characteristics

Section III. Chemistry of Film Processing
Manual Developer Solution
Automatic Developer Solution
Fixer Solution
 
Section IV. Handling and Storage
Handling
Storage Precautions
Safeguards Against Light Fog
Precautions Against Static Discharges
Loading and Unloading the Cardboard Film Holder
Removal of Film from Carton
Loading and Unloading the Cassette
Removing and Loading Dental Film
Loading Processing Hangers with Regular Film
Immersion of Hangers in Solutions
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 2 - The X-Ray Film Processing Room

Section I. Processing Room, Its Facilities and Its Equipment
General Arrangement of the Darkroom
Processing Room Layout
Lightproof Entrances
Illumination
Ventilation
Electrical Wiring
The Loading Bench
Processing Tanks
Maintenance of Tanks
The Film Dryer

Section II. Processing Accessories
Arrangement
Processing Hangers
The Interval Timer
Miscellaneous Processing Equipment
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 3 - Automatic X-Ray Film Processing

Section I. Automatic Film Processing
Basic Principle
Roller-Transport System
Circulation-Filtration System
Replenishment System
Tempering System
Air-Dryer System
Chemistry
Electrical System
Operation of the Automatic Processor
Maintenance

Section II. Manual Film Processing
Mixing Solutions
Importance of Cleanliness
Water Source and Temperature
Mixing Utensils
Mixing Procedure
Solution Storage
Mixing with Seawater
The Method of Processing
Development Replenisher System
Development Replenisher System Operation
Rinsing Process
Water Rinse Bath
Acid Rinse Bath
Fixing Process
Single-Tank Fixing Solution
Single-Tank Fixer Replenishment
Two-Tank Fixing Solution
Washing Process
Water for Washing
Washing Time
Temperature of Wash Water
Using Seawater for Washing
The Drying Process
Drying Aids
Drying Time
Preparing the Radiograph for Filing

Section III. Factors Affecting Film Processing
Mechanics of Silver Deposition
Standardization of Processing Procedures
Value of Standardized Processing Procedures
Developer Contrast
Time-Temperature Processing
Influence of Development Time
Relation of Time to Activity
Basic Times of Development
Exposure-Contrast Relationship
Influence of Developer Solution Temperature
Time Compensation for Temperature Changes
Low Temperatures
High Temperatures
Factors Influencing Developer Activity
Date of Development
Composition of the Developer
Dilution of Developer
Exhaustion of the Developer
Agitation of the Solution
Solution Level
Secondary Characteristics of Developer Solution
Secondary Characteristics of Fixer Solutions
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 4 - X-Ray Film Processing Under Adverse Field Conditions and Other Special Methods

Section I. X-Ray Film Processing Under Adverse Field Conditions and Other Special Methods
Field Processing Procedure
Equipment
Processing at 60° to 75°F
Processing at 75º to 90ºF

Section II. Special Processing Methods
Photofluorographic Film
Accessories for Photofluorographic Film Processing
Chemicals for Photofluorographic Film Processing
Processing Roll Film
Processing Facilities for Roll Films
Solutions for Roll Films
Procedures for Processing Roll Films
Processing Sheet Film and Short Lengths of Roll Film

Section III. Special Processing Methods
High Temperature Processing
Temperature Above 75ºf
Temperatures Above 90ºf
Tray Processing
Rapid Processing of Surgical Radiographic
Emergency Processing Measures
Exercises
Solutions




X-Ray Physics Training Course

    

Training Manual - X-Ray Physics (153 Pages)


Lesson 1 - Matter and Energy

Section I. Introduction
Purpose
Scope
History of Radiography
Radiology
The Enlisted X-Ray Specialist

Section II. Basic Concepts of Matter and Energy
Matter
Energy
Mass-Energy Relationships
The Law of Conservation
Atomic Structure
Isotopes
Valence
Formation of Molecules
Radioactivity
X-Radiation
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 2 - Electricity, Magnets and Circuits

Section I. Introduction
Law of Electrostatics
Electric Current

Section II. Electric Currents
Nature of an Electric Current
Sources of Electric Current
Fundamental Factors Present in Every Electric Circuit

Section III. Elementary Electric Circuits
Ohm's Law
Work and Power in an Electric Circuit

Section IV. Magnetism
Classification of Magnets
Properties of Magnets
Magnetic and Nonmagnetic Substances
Properties of Magnetic Materials
Magnetic Fields
Characteristics of Lines of Force
Electromagnetism
Production and Use of Electromagnetic Force
Electromagnetic Induction
Self-Induction
Mutual Induction

Section V. Electric Generators and Motors
The Simple Alternating Current Generator
Direct Current Generator
Advantages of Alternating Current
The Electric Motor

Section VI. Electrical Devices
Current-Measuring Devices
Transformers
Transformer Core Types
Transformer Losses
Voltage Regulators
Rectification
Valve Tube Rectification
Half-Wave Rectification
Full-Wave Rectification
Method of Testing Rectifiers and Timers
Three-Phase
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 3 - X-Ray Circuits and Tubes

Section I. Major X-Ray Machine Circuits
Line-to-Autotransformer Circuit
X-Ray Tube Filament Circuit
High-Tension Circuit
The Timer or Control Circuit
Circuitry in a Typical X-Ray Machine

Section II. X-Ray Tubes
Introduction
The Production of X-radiation
Development of X-Ray Tubes
Target Material and Anode Construction
Focal Spot
Anode Heel Effect
Grid-Controlled Tube
Rating Charts
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 4 - X-Ray Safety

Section I. Avoiding Electrical Hazards
Introduction
Fuses - Machine Protection Only
Severity of Electrical Shock
Grounding
Common Danger Area
Rescue of Electrical Shock Victims

Section II. Radiation - Interaction of Photons with Matter
Ionization
Other Interactions

Section III. Radiation - Detection and Measurement
Total Dose and Dose Rate
Ion Chamber
Film Badge

Section IV. Radiation - Protection
Inverse Square Law
Photon Energy Factor
Absorber Density
Absorber Thickness

Section V. Radiation - Cellular Concepts
Life Cycle of a Cell
Classification of Cells
Deoxyribonucleic Acid and Ribonucleic Acid
How Ionizing Radiation Affects Deoxyribonuciel
Mechanisms of Radiation Injury
Radiosensitivity of Cells
Radiosensitivity of Species

Section VI. Radiation - Residual Dosage
Units of Radiation Dosage
Maximum Permissible Dose

Section VII. Radiation--Biological Effects
Acute Radiation Syndrome
Chronic Effects

Section VIII. Practicing Radiation Protection
Protection for the Specialist
Protection for the Patient
Protection for Others
Exercises
Solutions

Appendix - Radiation Therapy Guidelines
X-Ray Therapy Guidelines
Gamma-Beam Therapy Guidelines
Example of Emergency Procedures for Failure of Gamma- Beam Control Mechanism





X-Ray Standard Positioning Training Course

   

Training Manual 1 - X-Ray Standard Positioning 1 (240 Pages)


Lesson 1 - Body Mechanics, Patient Handling and Positioning

Section I. Protecting Your Back
An Ounce of Prevention
Body Alignment
Base of Support
The Line of Gravity
The Center of Gravity
Rules for Lifting and Carrying Heavy Objects
Avoiding Back Injury on the Job
Exercises
Solutions

Section II. Moving and Transporting the Patient
Assessing the Patient
An On-the-Job Injury
Transferring a Patient from a Wheelchair to an X-Ray Table
Transporting from Stretcher to X-Ray Table (Patient Assisted)
Considerations: Moving a Patient Who Cannot Assist
The Draw Sheet Pull (Patient Unable to Assist)
Plactic Slide-board in Lieu of Draw Sheet
The Three-person Lift and Carry
Stretcher Placement in the Three-person Carry
Using Good Body Mechanics Throughout the Three-person Carry
Positioning the Patient on the X-Ray Table
Special Situations
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 2 - The Order of Procedure

Section I. Order of Procedure (Steps 1 and 2)
Competence and Professionalism
Projecting a Professional Image
The Working Side of the Table
The Order of Procedure
Order of Procedure,; Step One: Patient Preparation
Order of Procedure Step 2: the Control Panel
Exercises
Solutions

Section II: Order of Procedure (Steps 3 Through 5)
Order of Procedure, Step 3: Select Table Factor
Order of Procedure Step 4: Positioning the Patient
Order of Procedure, Step 5: Taking the Exposure
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 3 - Positioning Terminology

Section I. General Terms and Body Part Terms
The Terms, X-Ray Film and Radiograph
Radiographic Examination
Anatomic Position
Body Part Terminology
Right Angle Radiographic Viewing
Exercises
Solutions

Section II. Positioning and Projection Terminology
Projection
Posteroanterior Projection
Anteroposterior Projection
View
Routine
Method
Specific Body Functions
Lateral Position
Oblique Position
Decubitus Position
Recumbent Positions
Dorsal Recumbent, Dorsal Decubitus or Supine Position
The Ventral Recumbent, Ventral Decubitus or Prone Position
The Lateral Decubitus or Lateral Recumbent Position
Exercises
Solutions

Section III. Projection, Central Ray and Breathing Technique Terminology
Projection Terminology
Central Ray Terminology
Breathing Terminology
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 4 - Film Identification and Captioning

Section I. The X-Ray Request Form
The Importance of Scrutinizing the X-ray Request Slip
Radiological Exam, Consultation Request/Report Form
The Patient's Identification Block
Exam Requested and Specific Reasons (Brief Clinical History)
Age, Sex, Ward and Pregnancy Blocks
Requestor's Name, Signature, Telephone Number and Date Blocks
Location of Medical Records Block
The Radiologist’s Report
The Procedure Worksheet - Composite Health Care System
Exercises
Solutions

Section II: Film Identification
Projection
A Film Identification System
Film Identification Systems
Rules for Determining the Proper Letter Marker
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 5 - Positioning for Exams of the Upper Extremities

Section I. Radiographic Projections of the Hand
Patient Dress and Removal of Artifacts
Measuring the Part
Setting the Control Panel
Source to Image Receptor Distance (SID)
Posteranterior Hand
Oblique Hand
Lateral Hand

Section II. The Wrist and Forearm
Posteranterior Wrist
Oblique Wrist
Lateral Wrist
Posteranterior Wrist with Ulnar Flexion
Anteroposterio Forearm
Lateral Forearm

Section III. the Elbow
Anteroposterio Elbow
Lateral Elbow

Section IV. The Humerus
Full Length Anteroposterio Humerus
Full Length Lateral Humerus

Section V. the Shoulder
Anteroposterio Shoulder with External Rotation
Anteroposterio Shoulder with Internal Rotation
Inferiorsuperior Axial Projection of Shoulder

Section VI. The Scapula
Anteroposterio Scapula
Lateral Scapula

Section VII. The Clavical and Acromioclavicular Joints
Anteroposterio Clavical
Acromioclavicular Joints
Exercises
Solutions

Appendix - Glossary of Terms



Training Manual 2 - X-Ray Standard Positioning 2 (245 Pages)


Lesson 1 - Positioning for Exams of the Lower Extremities

Section I. Introduction
Patient Dress, Artifacts and Immobilization
Measure Body Part
Technical Factors
Measuring the Source-to-Image Receptor Distance

Section II. Projections of the Foot
The Foot
The Anterior Posterior Foot
The Oblique Foot
The Lateral Foot
Exercises
Solutions

Section III. Projections of the Ankle
The Anterior Posterior Ankle
Lateral Ankle
Mortise Ankle
Exercises
Solutions

Section IV: Projections of the Calcaneus
The Plantodorsal
The Lateral Calcaneus
Exercises
Solutions

Section V. Projections of the Leg
Anterior Posterior Leg
Lateral Leg
Exercises
Solutions

Section VI. Projections of the Knee
Anterior Posterior Knee
Lateral Knee
Tangential (Axial) Projection (Sunrise)
Posteroanterioa Axial (tunnel)
Exercises
Solutions

Section VII: Projections of the Femur
Anterior Posterior (Mid and Distal) Femur
Lateral (Mid and Distal) Femur
Anterior Posterior (Mid and Proximal) Femur
Lateral (Mid and Proximal) Femur
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 2 - Positioning for Exams of the Pelvic Area

Section I. Projections of the Hip
Anterior Posterior Pelvis
Lateral Frog-Leg Hip
Anterior Posterior Hip
Axiolateral Hip (Trauma)
Exercises
Solutions

Section II. Projections of the Pelvis
Anterior Posterior Pelvis
Anterior Posterior Sacrum
Lateral Sacrum
Anterior Posterior Coccyx
Lateral Coccyx
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 3 - Positioning for Exams of the Trunk

Section I. Projections of the Chest
Posteroanterioa Hest
Lateral Chest
Left Lateral Decubitus Chest
Exercises
Solutions

Section II. Projections of the Ribs
Posteroanterioa Ribs Above Diaphragm
Anterior Posterior Ribs Above Diaphragm
Anterior Posterior Ribs Below Diaphragm
Oblique Ribs, Above Diaphragm
Oblique Ribs Below Diaphragm
Exercises
Solutions

Section III. Projections of the Sternum
Right Anterior Oblique Sternum
Lateral Sternum
Exercises
Solutions

Section IV. Projections of the Abdomen
Anterior Posterior Supine Abdomen
Anterior Posterior Upright Abdomen
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 4 - Positioning for Exams of the Spine

Section I. Projections of the Thoracic Spine
The Anterior Posterior Thoracic Spine (T-Spine)
The Lateral Thoracic Spine (T-Spine)
Exercises
Solutions

Section II. Projections of the Cercical Spine
Lateral Cervical Spine (C-Spine)
Anterior Posterior Cervical Spine
Open Mouth C-spine
Right Posterior Oblique or Left Posterior Oblique C-spine
Swimmer’s Lateral Cervicothoracic Spine
Exercises
Solutions

Section III. Projections of the Lumbar Spine
Anterior Posterior Lumbar Spine
Lateral Lumbar Spine
Lateral Lumbosacral Articulation
Right Posterior Oblique or Left Posterior Oblique Lumbar Spine
Exercises
Solutions

Section IV. Projections of the Lumbosacral and Sacroilia Carticulations
Anterior Posterior Lumbosacral Articulation (Joint)
Lateral Lumbosacral Articulation (Joint)
Anterior Posterior Axial Sacroiliac Articulation
Bilateral Oblique Sacroiliac Articulation
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 5 - Positioning for Exams of the Cranium, Sinuses and Mandible

Section I. Projections of the Cranium (Skull), Sinuses and Mandible
Surface Anatomy and Reference Points
Posteroanterioa Axial Skull (Caldwell)
Lateral Skull (Bi-Lateral)
Anterior Posterior Axial (Chamberlain Towne, CT)
Exercises
Solutions

Section II. Projections of the Sinuses
Posteroanterioa Projection (Caldwell Method)
Parietoacnthial Projection (Waters Method)
Lateral Sinuses
Exercises
Solutions

Section III. Projections of the Mandible
Posteroanterior Mandible
Axiolateral (Oblique) Mandible
Exercises
Solutions


Lesson 6 - Positioning for Additional Skull Procedures

Section I. The Temporomandibular Joint and the Nose
Axiolateral Position, Schuller Method (Bilateral, Open and Closed-Mouth)
Lateral Nasal Bones (Bilateral)
Exercises
Solutions

Section II. Projections of the Facial Bones
Parietoacanthial Facial Bones (Waters Method)
Lateral Facial Bones
Exercises
Solutions

Section III. Projections of Zygomatic Arches
Submentovertex Projection (Basilar Position)
Oblique Axial Position (Tangential Projection)
Exercises
Solutions

Appendix - Glossary of Terms












PDF Format Training Course

This training course bundle is provided in PDF format. The course reads like a textbook on your computer screen and you can use the bookmarks to navigate through the chapters or lessons. Adobe Reader 9 or above is required to view each course and has been included on the CD-ROM. The courses are included digitally on the CD-ROM so you will not receive a hard copy book or textbook. We offer full customer support so please contact us if you need any help.



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This CD-ROM is compatible with the following operating systems:

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Adobe Reader 9 or above is required to launch the training course and has been included on the disc.


*This training course is not available for Mac OS X.
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Please note that once an item is sent we have no control over the delivery. We always dispatch items quickly but occasionally they do go missing and it is no fault of our own. Please consider this when contacting us. We always send replacements and will do our best to resolve this for you.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)


Will I receive a boxed product as shown in the picture?

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trainingskillsdirect: If you are unhappy at all with any of our products please avoid leaving bad feedback and ratings and contact us through eBay messages. We offer full customer support and will gladly help you. We have a full 14 day refund policy in place so you can return the item. We may also be able to offer you alternative software so please contact us through the 'ask a question' link below and we will gladly help.


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Is this CD-ROM compatible with Mac OS X?

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