Cybernetics, a science concerned with understanding how systems are regulated, has reflected the preoccupations of the century in which it was born. Regulation is important in twentieth century society, where both machines and social organizations are complex. Cybernetics focused on and became primarily associated with the homeostasis or stability of system behavior and with the negative feedbacks that stabilize systems. It paid less attention to the processes opposite to negative feedback, the positive feedback processes that act to change systems. We attempt to redress the balance here by illustrating the enormous importance of positive feedbacks in natural systems. In an article in the American Scientist in 1963, Maruyama called for increased attention to this topic, noting that processes of change could occur when a deviation in anyone component of the system caused deviations in other components that acted back on the first component to reinforce of amplify the initial deviation. The deviation amplification is the result of positive feedback among system components. Maruyama demonstrated by numerous examples that the neglect of such processes was unjustified and suggested that a new branch of cybernetics, the second cybernetics, be devoted to their study.
Product Identifiers
Publisher
Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg Gmbh & Co. Kg
ISBN-13
9783642826276
eBay Product ID (ePID)
117506965
Product Key Features
Author
Donald L. Deangelis, Wilfried M. Post, Curtis C. Travis
Publication Name
Positive Feedback in Natural Systems
Format
Paperback
Language
English
Subject
Mathematics
Publication Year
2012
Type
Textbook
Number of Pages
290 Pages
Dimensions
Item Height
244mm
Item Width
170mm
Volume
15
Item Weight
535g
Additional Product Features
Title_Author
Curtis C. Travis, Wilfried M. Post, Donald L. Deangelis
Series Title
Biomathematics
Country/Region of Manufacture
Germany
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