Dewey Edition23
ReviewsHow Languages Are Learned, 4th edn. P. Lightbrown & N. Spada. (2013) Oxford U. Press. ISBN 978-0-19-454126-8; 256pp+. This edition of the standard introductory work on this subject is over 20 pp. longer than the 3rd edition. A strong feature of this admirable book is its concise, clear summaries of important research findings. The chapters are; Language learning in early childhood, Second language learning (SLL), Individual differences in SLL, Explaining SLL,Observing learning and teaching in the SL classroom, SLL in the classroom, and Popular ideas about language learning revisited. Extra activities, study questions, and videos are available online at www.oup.com/elt/teacher/hlal. The Teacher Trainer Journal, Vol 29/3
Table Of ContentIntroduction1. Language learning in early childhoodPreviewFirst language acquisitionExplaining First language acquisitionLanguage disorders and delaysChildhood bilingualismSummarySuggestions for further reading2. Second language learningPreviewLearner characteristicsLearning conditionsStudying the language of second language learners VocabularyPragmaticsPhonologySampling learners' languageSummarySuggestions for further reading3. Individual differences in second language learningPreviewResearch on learner characteristicsIndividual differences and classroom instructionAge and second language learningAge and second language instructionSummarySuggestions for further reading4. Explaining second language learningPreviewThe behaviourist perspectiveThe innatist perspectiveThe cognitive perspectiveThe sociocultural perspectiveSummarySuggestions for further reading5. Observing learning and teaching in the second language classroomPreviewNatural and instructional settingsObservation schemesEthnographySummarySuggestions for further reading6. Second language learning in the classroomPreviewProposals for teachingAssessing the proposalsSummarySuggestions for further reading7. Popular ideas about language learning revisitedPreviewReflecting on the popular ideas: Learning from researchConclusion
SynopsisUnlike many introductions to the field of language acquisition research, How Languages are Learned does not assume that you are already familiar with research methods or theories. Its clear, readable style and absence of unnecessary technical jargon has helped to make it a standard text for trainee teachers throughout the world. There are evaluations and case studies throughout the book so that you can see a practical context for the researchideas you are readingabout. Many of these examples are taken directly from real first and second language classrooms. The new Activities feature provides opportunities for you to think through the research being discussed. Each chapter ends with Questions for Reflection which draw on your experiences of language learning and teaching and your critical thinking skills to revise the chapter content. Reference to language acquisition research has been updated throughout the chapters andsuggestions for furtherreading. Extra resources, including Supplementary Activities, Discussion Questions, Chapter Summaries, and video interviews with the authors are available online at www.oup.com/elt/teacher/hlal. The book is organized into seven chapters: Chapter 1: 'Language learning in early childhood' (Includes first language acquisition data, explanationsof first language acquisition from different perspectives,and updates to research on childhood bilingualism) Chapter 2: 'Second language learning' (Topics covered include: learner characteristics, learner conditions, the language of second language learners, vocabulary, pragmatics, phonology, and sampling learners' language) Chapter 3: 'Individual differences in second language learning' (Factors discussed include intelligence, aptitude, learningstyles, personality, motivation and attitudes, identityand ethic group affiliation, and learner beliefs. Includes new research on age and second language instruction) Chapter 4: 'Explaining second language learning' (Examines second language learning research from behaviourist, innatist, cognitive, and sociocultural perspectives.) Chapter 5: 'Observing learning and teaching in the second language classroom' (Looks at different learning environmentsand discusses ways of observing and reporting onthem.) Chapter 6: 'Second language learning in the classroom' (Contains six practical proposals for classroom teaching based on research findings and insights.) Chapter 7: 'Popular ideas about language learning revisited' (The authors list and give their personal perspective on some commonly held beliefs about language learning.) There is a glossary to explain new andtechnical terms used in the book, and a full bibliography at the endof the book., A thoroughly updated edition of this prize-winning, readable introduction to the main theories of first and second language acquisition. This book introduces you to some of the language acquisition research that will help you not just to evaluate existing materials, but also to adapt and use them in a way that fits what we currently understand about how languages are learned. -Content including new research and new areas in pedagogy to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of research in the field. -Chapter Preview s and Summaries with round-up questions. -Companion website with vodcasts, content updates, and shared user content. -Also available as an e-book., A thoroughly updated edition of this award-winning, accessible guide to the study of language acquisition., This prize-winning, readable introduction to research in language acquisition is recommended reading for second language teachers worldwide.